AI Reading List: Sex & Gender in AI
This section was inspired by a Women in Medicine roundtable at UCSD on January 8, 2026, featuring Dr. Saralyn Mark, President and founder of iGIANT (impact of Gender/Sex on Innovation and Novel Technologies ). Please contact me if you have any corrections, additions, suggestions, etc. It is very idiosyncratic and not meant to be comprehensive. Please feel free to share with others.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) Reading List, by Philip Rubin
Sex & Gender in AI:
Trinity College Dublin. Humans bring gender bias to their interactions with AI – new study. The University of Dublin, Nov. 20, 2025.
Mara Bolis. The AI Gender Gap Paradox. Stanford Social Innovation Review, Oct. 27, 2025
Hope Reese. Researchers uncover AI bias against older working women. AI is perpetuating inaccurate gender and age stereotypes, influencing everything from hiring practices to workplace perceptions. StanfordReport, Oct. 17, 2025
Jerlyn Q.H. Ho, Andree Hartanto, Andrew Koh, and Nadyanna M. Majeed. Gender biases within Artificial Intelligence and ChatGPT: Evidence, Sources of Biases and Solutions. ScienceDirect, Computers in Human Behavior: Artificial Humans, Volume 4, May 2025.
UN Women. How AI reinforces gender bias—and what we can do about it. Interview with Zinnya del Villar on AI gender bias and creating inclusive technology. United Nations, Feb. 5, 2025
Annisa. How AI is being adopted to accelerate gender equity in the workplace. The Inclusive AI, Dec. 5, 2024
UN Women. Artificial Intelligence and gender equality. United Nations, June 28, 2024.
Parul Munshi and Nicki Wakefield. How AI is being adopted to accelerate gender equity in the workplace. pwc, March 7, 2024
Rachel Metz. AI software defines people as male or female. That’s a problem. CNN Business, Nov. 21, 2019